Corrections, Retractions, Errata, and Expressions of Concern

Insight follows the COPE Retraction Guidelines and distinguishes the following post-publication actions.

Erratum / Corrigendum

Used to correct a substantive error that does not invalidate the article's conclusions. Linked bidirectionally with the original article via Crossref metadata. Minor typographical errors are corrected silently in the version of record with the change logged.

Expression of Concern

Used where credible concerns about the integrity of an article have been raised but investigation is incomplete or inconclusive. Updated when the investigation concludes.

Retraction

Used where the article's main conclusions are unreliable due to error or misconduct. The retracted article remains visible with a clear "RETRACTED" watermark and a retraction notice. Retractions follow COPE flowcharts and are deposited with Crossref.